Ravine of the Castles: 7/22/24

After a day spent wandering in the Great Gulf, for my next hike I decided to return to my favorite of the Presidential Range cirques: Castle Ravine, or Ravine of the Castles as it was once called, the great north-facing scoop between Mt. Jefferson and Mt. Adams. Tucked in between Jefferson's Castellated Ridge and Israel Ridge on Mt. Adams, this ravine has beautiful forests, outstanding brook scenery, wild crags, and no nearby road, railway, or hut. 

My plan was to visit two of my favorite places in the ravine: an old slide on the west wall, and the open rocks on the lower part of the headwall. Both spots provide fine views.

The approach to the ravine is made via the Castle Trail from the trailhead known as Bowman. After a flat start, the trail crosses the Israel River - the first of 13 (!) stream crossings on the way into the ravine. This is a hike best done in low water conditions; even then some of the crossings are not easy.

Not far beyond the first crossing I made a short bushwhack down for a close look at cascades known as Israel Rapids.

For nearly a mile the Castle Trail rises at easy grades through a fine hardwood forest.

At 1.3 miles I veered left onto Israel Ridge Path, which soon crosses the river and then follows alongside it.

The Castle Ravine Trail branches off at 1.7 miles. Admirably maintained by the Randolph Mountain Club, it was opened in stages from 1915 to 1919.

The next two crossings - first of the Israel River, then of Castle Brook - have especially awkward footing, with pointy, slippery rocks.

The next crossing, much easier, passes by this pretty cascade.

Not far beyond, the trail crosses over a bouldery pile that is a debris flow levee deposited by one of two adjacent slides that are seen in a 1955 aerial photo. These slides are now completely revegetated.

One of the prettiest stretches of trail in the Northern Presidentials.

After another crossing, the trail ascends along an old logging road on the flank of Israel Ridge, passing this window view of the lower Castellated Ridge.

Nice walking here through open mixed forest.

About three miles in I dropped steeply off-trail, heading down to Castle Brook.

I crossed the brook and climbed up to the slide I was seeking.

This slide is prominent in a 1972 aerial photo, so it likely fell in the late 1960s or early 1970s. Dense spruce growth has claimed much of the slide, but open areas remain, offering interesting views, here looking up at the Castellated Ridge.

Looking down from the top of the most open strip.

Looking up at Israel Ridge and a bit of the Castle Ravine headwall.

I love the distant view to the NW, towards Mt. Waumbek, the Weeks peaks with Mt. Cabot peering over, Unknown Pond Ridge, Rogers Ledge, Deer Ridge and distant Long Mountain.

 

Several white pines have seeded in on the slide, miles from their nearest relatives.

A couple of tamaracks are here also, eking out a living amidst phalanxes of spruce.

Mountain cranberries!

Returning to the trail, I continued up the ravine.

At one point, the trail runs right up the brookbed for a few yards. There is an RMC "Path" sign on the straight tree in the middle, but it is obscured by branches.

I was amazed at how much water was flowing in Castle Brook, high in the valley during a dry season.

Approaching the headwall, the trail crosses the brush-grown track of a snow avalanche that ripped down through the forest in 2010.

This opening provides a neat look up at The Castles.

Just beyond, water can be heard gurgling under these massive boulders.

The steep, rough climbing up onto the headwall begins here.

Right after squeezing through this crevice...

...you arrive at Roof Rock, one of the cool features of Castle Ravine.

Weaving through boulders on the final approach to the headwall.

Faded warning sign.

Some strenuous and in places challenging boulder scrambling lifts you to open rocks and views. A full-body workout here.

An RMC arrow points the way for descending hikers. Castellated Ridge looms above.

Looking back down the trail. It's wild out here!

A wonderful view down the long, curving valley to Mt. Bowman, with mountains in northern Vermont on the horizon.

Looking up to the craggy headwall.

I climbed up through the first boulder field and followed a rough traverse to where the trail crosses the track of a slide that came crashing down in 1991, disrupting the footway. The lower two-thirds of this slide is crammed with scrubby birch growth, as seen here. The upper part, high above, is still open. From a distance the long track of the slide can be seen as a thin light green strip on the headwall.

I went back down to the boulder field, found a flat rock, and enjoyed an hour's sojourn in late afternoon sun.

An amazing place to be, with the plaintive whistle of a White-throated Sparrow drifting on the breeze.

A great perspective on the Castellated Ridge.

The Castles.

Mts. Starr King and Waumbek out to the north.

These craggy gullies are known as the Three Sisters to backcountry skiers.

 

Descend carefully!

Twilight view of Mt. Jefferson and Castle Ravine from the trailhead.

 

Ramble in the Great Gulf: 7/19/24

A hike into the Great Gulf Wilderness is always special. This huge glacial basin between Mt. Washington and the Northern Presidentials offers some of the grandest alpine scenery in the East. As the AMC White Mountain Guide has noted through its many editions, "The views from its walls and from points on its floor are among the best in New England." The Great Gulf was the first designated Wilderness in the Whites, created under the Wilderness Act of 1964. 

It had been more than a decade since I last set foot in the Gulf, so I was long overdue for a visit. The day's main objective was a reconnaissance of the overgrown slide section of the abandoned Adams Slide Trail, once touted by the AMC Guide as “the steepest path of its length in the White Mountains.”After that, the open talus slope on the lower Buttress Trail beckoned for its impressive views within the Gulf.

 

This is the long way to the summit of Mt. Washington.

 

The impressive suspension bridge across the Peabody River near the start of the trail.

At 0.7 mile, paths lead down to a nice ledgy spot on the Peabody's West Branch, which the trail follows for many miles into the Gulf.

Into the Wilderness at 1.6 miles.

Nice view of the West Branch at 2.4 miles.

At 2.7 miles the trail reaches a gravelly spot known as The Bluff, which has a designated tentsite behind it (fires not allowed).

There are limited views from the ground here, but by scrambling up this boulder you can survey the scene.

Mount Adams towers 3,500 feet above The Bluff.

To the west rises Mount Jefferson, with Jefferson's Knee, the route of the audacious Six Husbands Trail, prominent on the right.

Major junction at The Bluff.

Bear box at a tentsite on a little ridge between Parapet Brook and the West Branch.

Bouncy suspension bridge over the West Branch.

Clam Rock, location of another tentsite. From here on, the tumbling, boulder-strewn river is a near-constant companion. It's one of the finest riverside walks in the Whites.

At 3.3 miles there's a wonderful spot with a view upstream to Jefferson's Knee.

From here to the crossing of Chandler Brook at 3.9 miles, the trail is unrelievedly rough and rocky. In places it is almost Link-like.

A massive boulder overlooks a golden pool.

Did I mention that it is rough and rocky?

Another view of the Knee. Yikes!

Trail crew axe work. Thank you!

Would be a bushwhacking nightmare.

At 4.5 miles, leaving the Great Gulf Trail to head towards Jefferson Ravine.

 

Crossing of the West Branch on Six Husbands Trail. It was easier than it looks, thanks to the low water level.

On the mellow lower part of Six Husbands Trail. The middle part is another story.

 

At 5.0 miles I turned right onto the Buttress Trail, immediately crossing Jefferson Brook.

The lower 0.1 mile of the Buttress Trail (shown below) was originally part of the Adams Slide Trail. From 1908-1910, a group of AMC trail builders led by Warren W. Hart opened a series of audacious trails climbing up the steep walls of the Great Gulf. The steepest of these was the Adams Slide Trail, cut in 1909, straight up the rugged south face of Mount Adams. In its lower third it followed the track of a narrow slide. As Hart reported in the July, 1910 Appalachia, on June 29th he and Alexander Wilson (one of many volunteer trail-builders recruited by Hart) discovered a brook flowing out of the mountainside in Jefferson Ravine and “decided that the new path up Mount Adams should pass this spot, and planned the course of the trail as far as the foot of the great slide. On the following day, Dr. Larrabee, with the aid of Steele, Sanborn, and Evans, marked the path up the series of slides nearly one-half mile in extent, and through the scrub to the bare crest of the long easterly ridge of Mount Adams.” The trail was completed to the summit on July 31 by Hart and five others, on a day that brought snow, hail, rain, sunshine and a cold wind. Concluded Hart, “This trail is about one and three-eighths miles in length, is quite rough and difficult, but the ridge is desolate and magnificent.” Other AMC members completed the Buttress Trail that September.

The Adams Slide Trail was maintained by the AMC for six decades. The 1920 edition of the AMC White Mountain Guide noted that “It is about 1 ¼ mi. long, rises about 2,400 ft., and is said to be the steepest path of its length in the White Mountains….The trail leads through small growth and soon enters the track of a great slide, which it follows up a steep slope.” After its junction with the Buttress Trail, “the Adams Slide Trail continues to ascend steeply and as the footing is insecure care should be used, particularly for the descent.” Above the top of the slide, the trail pushed through a belt of scrub forest, then emerged upon “the great southerly ridge of Mt. Adams. This ridge, covered with great stones and barren of vegetation, is very impressive. The way is rough but plainly marked by cairns.” The trail continued up through boulder fields over several rocky knobs and joined the Star Lake Trail a few hundred yards below the summit. The guide recommended allowing two hours for the ascent.The ca. 1900 photo seen below, from the Library of Congress collection, shows the Adams Slide as seen from the Mount Washington Carriage Road. The trail probably followed the right fork of the inverted "V."

Largely because of its steepness, and the resulting difficulty in maintaining it, the Adams Slide Trail was abandoned in 1971. The slide that the trail followed was already partly overgrown in a Shorey Studio photo that appeared in Bradford Washburn’s 1926 guidebook, The Trails and Peaks of the Presidential Range of the White Mountains. Parts of it can still be seen in a 1955 aerial photo, but by the early 1990s it was almost completely revegetated. The route of the trail is still occasionally ascended by historically-minded adventurers. Some old red blazes remain, and the rocky track of the slide is still evident in the woods, but the trail is very difficult to follow in the scrub, where much of it is overgrown, and is also challenging to navigate in the long bouldery stretch above treeline. As a slide enthusiast, my interest was to check out the slide portion of the old route, even though it is fully treed-in. The beginning section was  obscured by brush and blowdown, but the track of the slide soon became evident.

Just to the west was another track of the old slide, this one quite clogged with debris.

Some distance up I came across the first faint trace of the old red blazes.

This little spine of boulders looked like a characteristic debris flow levee deposited along the edge of a slide.

Another blaze.

The track of the slide was quite prominent here.

And here. Estimating from the old photo, the slide extended for about 1,200 feet, from an elevation of 3,460 feet to about 4,250 feet, with an average slope of 33 degrees. The upper third of the slide was quite steep at 37 degrees.

There were some signs of unauthorized maintenance on this abandoned route.

Some larger rocks along the track.

Looking down. It is steep!

The slide track at 4,000 feet, 550 feet above the Buttress Trail. I went a bit farther up, then headed back down, having no desire to battle through the krummholz at treeline and undertake the long boulder scramble above. Many years ago I was supposed to join some friends on an attempt to follow this old route. As I recall, I overslept and missed the rendezvous. It turned out that they lost the trail in the scrub and endured a horrific thick bushwhack up to treeline.

I spotted this blaze on the way back down.

Twisted fir.

Heading up onto the talus slope traversed by the Buttress Trail.

Great view of Jefferson Ravine and Jefferson's Knee.

Looking up the valley to the headwall of the Great Gulf.

Headwall zoomed. Mount Clay on the right.

Mount Washington's Chandler Ridge.

Carter Dome and Wildcat.

The Buttress Trail is wild and primitive.

Heading back down the Great Gulf Trail, I made a short bushwhack into a blowdown area for this profile of Jefferson's Knee.

Long view down the West Branch.

Evening view from The Bluff.